{"id":42154,"date":"2022-04-14T11:25:44","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T16:25:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/?p=42154"},"modified":"2022-04-14T11:25:44","modified_gmt":"2022-04-14T16:25:44","slug":"necesitamos-un-estandar-universal-de-justicia-desde-ucrania-hasta-afganistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/?p=42154","title":{"rendered":"[:es]Necesitamos un est\u00e1ndar universal de justicia, desde Ucrania hasta Afganist\u00e1n[:en]We Need a Uniform Standard of Justice, from Ukraine to Afghanistan[:]"},"content":{"rendered":"

[:es]Amy Goodman y Denis Moynihan<\/strong><\/p>\n

A principios de abril, sali\u00f3 a la luz un impactante video que revela el brutal asesinato de civiles por parte de un ej\u00e9rcito de ocupaci\u00f3n. Pero es un video del a\u00f1o 2010, no de 2022; los sucesos que muestra sucedieron en Irak, no en Ucrania y los soldados eran estadounidenses, no rusos. El 5 de abril de 2010, el sitio web de denuncias Wikileaks divulg\u00f3 un video militar clasificado de Estados Unidos al que denomin\u00f3 \u201cAsesinato colateral<\/a>\u201d. Hab\u00eda sido filmado el 12 de julio de 2007 desde un helic\u00f3ptero de artiller\u00eda Apache de las fuerzas armadas estadounidenses que estaba disparando contra una multitud de personas en la ciudad de Bagdad. En el ataque murieron dos empleados de la agencia de noticias Reuters que se encontraban en la calle, justo debajo del helic\u00f3ptero, y al menos otras ocho personas; dos menores resultaron gravemente heridos. En el video tambi\u00e9n se puede o\u00edr c\u00f3mo los soldados estadounidenses se r\u00eden y profieren insultos mientras cometen la masacre, as\u00ed como transmisiones de radio que autorizan los ataques desde la cadena de mando. Al final, solo se proces\u00f3 a un militar estadounidense por este hecho: la soldado del Ej\u00e9rcito Chelsea Manning fue juzgada por un tribunal militar, no por participar en ese ataque contra civiles, sino por revelarlo al mundo.<\/p>\n

El video \u201casesinato colateral<\/a>\u201d y la serie de documentos que Manning subi\u00f3 a Wikileaks \u2014registros clasificados de las guerras de Irak y Afganist\u00e1n\u2014 describen, en una jerga militar fr\u00eda, numerosas atrocidades cometidas por Estados Unidos.<\/p>\n

En los doce a\u00f1os que han transcurrido desde que se public\u00f3 el video, varios conflictos b\u00e9licos \u2014y los cr\u00edmenes inevitables que los acompa\u00f1an\u2014 han hecho estragos en diversas partes del mundo, desde el Congo hasta Sud\u00e1n, desde Etiop\u00eda y Tigray hasta Libia, desde Yemen hasta Birmania y Pap\u00faa Occidental, por nombrar solo algunos. En Ucrania, hay un nivel de registro sin precedentes en video y fotograf\u00eda, as\u00ed como en im\u00e1genes satelitales y de drones que se publican de manera instant\u00e1nea y se comparten a nivel mundial.<\/p>\n

Las im\u00e1genes de cuerpos de civiles tendidos en las calles de Bucha, una localidad en las afueras de Kiev, muchos de ellos ejecutados con las manos atadas a la espalda, han conmocionado al mundo entero. Numerosos hospitales han sido bombardeados en todo el pa\u00eds, al igual que refugios para la poblaci\u00f3n civil. Adem\u00e1s, Rusia ha sido acusada de desplegar minas terrestres antipersona, un tipo de mina de \u00faltima generaci\u00f3n que no explota solo cuando se la pisa, sino simplemente cuando una persona camina cerca de ella. Seg\u00fan se informa, tambi\u00e9n hay combatientes ucranianos que han cometido cr\u00edmenes de guerra contra prisioneros rusos y presuntos colaboradores.<\/p>\n

Las llamadas \u201dreglas de enfrentamiento\u201d se pasan constantemente por alto en la violencia y la barbarie de la guerra que todo lo consume. Las fuerzas armadas estadounidenses y de la coalici\u00f3n hicieron caso omiso de esas normas en Afganist\u00e1n, como lo documentan las revelaciones de Manning a Wikileaks y lo corroboran a menudo periodistas e investigadores de derechos humanos. Si es que alguna vez alguien rinde cuentas por cometer estas atrocidades, ser\u00e1n apenas unas pocas personas.<\/p>\n

La cofundadora de la organizaci\u00f3n pacifista CodePink, Medea Benjamin, quien recientemente viaj\u00f3 a Afganist\u00e1n como parte de una delegaci\u00f3n de mujeres estadounidenses, dijo esta semana a Democracy Now!: \u201cLamentablemente Estados Unidos no permite que la Corte Penal Internacional investigue los posibles cr\u00edmenes de guerra cometidos por las fuerzas armadas estadounidenses en Afganist\u00e1n, y hubo muchos. Estados Unidos ni siquiera integra este \u00f3rgano judicial internacional. Ser\u00eda bueno lograr que se juzgue a quienes nos llevaron a esta guerra en Afganist\u00e1n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Recientemente, el presidente Biden reafirm\u00f3 sus acusaciones contra Vladimir Putin y volvi\u00f3 a calificarlo de criminal de guerra. Muchos l\u00edderes mundiales se han pronunciado de manera similar. Desde su fundaci\u00f3n en la d\u00e9cada de 1990, el lugar al que convencionalmente se recurre para investigar y juzgar los cr\u00edmenes de guerra es la Corte Penal Internacional, un tribunal creado por el Estatuto de Roma que tiene actualmente 123 pa\u00edses signatarios. Estados Unidos ha rechazado de manera sistem\u00e1tica la ratificaci\u00f3n formal del organismo, al igual que Rusia. Ucrania tampoco es parte de la Corte, pero le ha otorgado cierta jurisdicci\u00f3n para investigar eventos ocurridos dentro de su territorio desde finales de 2013. Estos eventos incluyen las protestas conocidas como \u201cEuromaidan\u201d; el derrocamiento del Gobierno prorruso, seguido de la anexi\u00f3n de Crimea por parte de Rusia; el conflicto militar en curso en la regi\u00f3n de Domb\u00e1s; y la actual invasi\u00f3n rusa de Ucrania.<\/p>\n

La creciente ret\u00f3rica de Biden contra Putin seguir\u00e1 sonando a palabras huecas mientras Estados Unidos contin\u00fae rechazando la jurisdicci\u00f3n de la Corte Penal Internacional. En junio de 2020, el predecesor de Biden, Donald Trump, lleg\u00f3 incluso a sancionar a altos funcionarios de la Corte, impidi\u00e9ndoles el ingreso a Estados Unidos. El entonces secretario de Estado, Mike Pompeo, calific\u00f3 al \u00f3rgano judicial como una \u201cinstituci\u00f3n completamente disfuncional y corrupta\u201d. Esta reacci\u00f3n del Gobierno de Trump se desencaden\u00f3 por la investigaci\u00f3n que el organismo estaba llevando a cabo sobre posibles cr\u00edmenes de guerra cometidos por Estados Unidos en Afganist\u00e1n. Biden ha hecho bien en levantar las sanciones absurdas impuestas contra los funcionarios de la Corte. Sin embargo, mientras promueve el enjuiciamiento de Putin por cr\u00edmenes de guerra, a\u00fan se niega a someterse a la autoridad de la Corte Penal Internacional.<\/p>\n

Necesitamos un est\u00e1ndar universal de justicia para que los perpetradores de cr\u00edmenes de guerra, dondequiera que ocurran, rindan cuenta de sus actos. Estados Unidos debe unirse a la mayor\u00eda del mundo, ratificar el Estatuto de Roma y respetar la autoridad y jurisdicci\u00f3n de la Corte Penal Internacional.<\/p>\n

\u00a9 2022 Amy Goodman<\/p>\n

Traducci\u00f3n al espa\u00f1ol de la columna original<\/a> en ingl\u00e9s. Edici\u00f3n: Democracy Now! en espa\u00f1ol<\/a>, spanish@democracynow.org[:en]By Amy Goodman & Denis Moynihan<\/strong><\/p>\n

In early April, shocking video surfaced revealing the brutal murder of civilians by an occupying army. The year was 2010, however, not 2022, in Iraq, not Ukraine, and the soldiers were American, not Russian. On April 5th, 2010, Wikileaks, the whistleblower website, released a classified U.S. military video it called \u201cCollateral Murder<\/a>.\u201d The video was recorded on July 12, 2007 aboard a U.S. Army Apache helicopter gunship as it fired on a crowd in Baghdad. Two Reuters employees were killed, along with at least eight others, and two children were seriously injured. The video includes audio of U.S soldiers laughing and swearing as they kill, as well as radio transmissions authorizing the attacks from their chain of command. Ultimately, only one U.S. soldier was prosecuted: Army Private Chelsea Manning was court martialed, not for participating in that attack on civilians, but for revealing it to the world.<\/p>\n

\u201cCollateral Murder<\/a>\u201d and the trove of documents Manning uploaded to Wikileaks, the Iraq War Logs and the Afghan War Logs, documented numerous atrocities committed by the U.S., in cold, military jargon.<\/p>\n

In the twelve years since the video was released, military conflicts and the inevitable crimes that accompany them have raged around the world, from Congo to Sudan, Ethiopia and Tigray to Libya, from Yemen to Burma to West Papua, to name just a few. In Ukraine, the level of video and photographic documentation, satellite imagery and drone footage published instantaneously and shared globally is unprecedented.<\/p>\n

Images of dead civilians littering the streets of Bucha, a suburb of Kyiv, many executed with their hands bound behind their backs, have shocked the world. Hospitals have been bombed across the country, as have civilian shelters. Russia is also accused of deploying a new type of antipersonnel landmine, which explodes not only when stepped on but merely when a person walks near them. War crimes have reportedly been committed by Ukrainian defenders as well, against Russian prisoners of war and suspected collaborators.<\/p>\n

So-called \u201crules of engagement\u201d are regularly ignored in the all-consuming violence and barbarism of war. U.S. and coalition troops were guilty of this in Afghanistan, as documented by Manning\u2019s disclosures to Wikileaks and often corroborated by journalists and human rights investigators. Few if any of those who committed atrocities will ever be held accountable.<\/p>\n

\u201cUnfortunately, the U.S. would not allow the International Criminal Court to even investigate potential U.S. war crimes in Afghanistan, and there were many of them,\u201d Medea Benjamin, co-founder of the peace group CodePink, said this week on the Democracy Now! news hour, shortly after returning from a U.S. women\u2019s delegation to Afghanistan. \u201cThe U.S. is not even a party to the International Criminal Court. It would be nice to have a judgment against those who took us into this war in Afghanistan.\u201d<\/p>\n

President Biden recently doubled-down on his accusation that Russian President Vladimir Putin is a war criminal. Many world leaders are following suit. The traditional venue for investigation and prosecution of war crimes, since its founding in the 1990s, is the International Criminal Court (ICC<\/span>), created by the Rome Statute, currently ratified by 123 nations. The United States has consistently rejected formal ratification, as has Russia. Ukraine as well is not a signatory to the ICC<\/span>, but has granted the body limited jurisdiction over events in its territory since late 2013, when Ukraine was consumed by the Maidan protests, the overturning of its pro-Russian government, followed by Russia\u2019s annexation of Crimea, ongoing military conflict in the Donbas region, and the current invasion.<\/p>\n

Biden\u2019s escalating rhetoric against Putin will continue to ring hollow as long as the U.S. rejects the ICC<\/span>. In June, 2020, Biden\u2019s predecessor Donald Trump went so far as to sanction senior ICC<\/span> figures, blocking them from entering the U.S. Then-Secretary of State Mike Pompeo referred to the ICC<\/span> as a \u201cthoroughly broken and corrupted institution.\u201d What triggered the Trump administration was the ICC\u2019s investigation of possible U.S. war crimes in Afghanistan. Biden, to his credit, removed these absurd sanctions. But he still refuses to submit to the authority of the ICC<\/span>, while at the same time promoting a war crimes prosecution of Putin.<\/p>\n

We need a uniform standard of justice to hold accountable perpetrators of war crimes, wherever they may occur. The U.S. should join the majority of the world, ratify the Rome Statute, and respect the authority and jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

The original content of this program is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License<\/a>. Please attribute legal copies of this work to democracynow.org. Some of the work(s) that this program incorporates, however, may be separately licensed. For further information or additional permissions, contact us.<\/div>\n

[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[:es]Amy Goodman y Denis Moynihan A principios de abril, sali\u00f3 a la luz un impactante video que revela el brutal asesinato de civiles por parte de un ej\u00e9rcito de ocupaci\u00f3n. Pero es un video del a\u00f1o 2010, no de 2022; los sucesos que muestra sucedieron en Irak, no en Ucrania y los soldados eran estadounidenses, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42155,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[826,953],"tags":[919,204,1372,1371],"class_list":["post-42154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medios-libres-2","category-mundo","tag-estados-unidos","tag-guerra","tag-rusia","tag-ucrania"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=42154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42156,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42154\/revisions\/42156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/42155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=42154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=42154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiozapatista.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=42154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}